Karani Zihalirwa

This book presents the return on educational investment by training program in the Democratic Republic of Congo, whether training is part of a formal or non-formal system. It is based on data from the 1-2-3 survey conducted in 2005 and 2012. The rate of return is estimated using Mincer’s gain equation. In addition, the endogeneity bias of education is taken into account using the instrumental variables method, while the selection bias of the units of analysis (individuals) is corrected using two-stage estimation. The results indicate that educational investment in the DRC is profitable, whatever the training program.Further analysis, based on 2012 data, reveals that this profitability is not homogeneous between individuals trained in the formal program and those trained in NFE.