The monograph considers general theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of the problem of income distribution in rural areas of the Republic of Tajikistan, in the context of achieving sustainable economic growth in the national economy. The nature, factors and problems of income distribution in rural areas of the Republic of Tajikistan are studied. Income distribution is considered as a strategic factor of stabilization of social life and providing foreign economic relations in the conditions of globalization of the world economy. The optimal formation of macroeconomic stability within the country is provided by the fair distribution of income of all segments of the population. Measures to improve economic policy and the mechanism of regulation of income distribution are proposed. The monograph is designed for a wide audience of specialists interested in the problems of income distribution and ensuring macroeconomic stability in the national economy.