Monograph analyzes the data of the censuses conducted in Uzbekistan and their importance as a source. It is known that since the second half of the twentieth century, research in the field of ethno-demography has gradually gained great importance. Research has shown that the natural growth of the population, especially in ethnic groups, is also influenced by the customs, culture and values of peoples. Representatives of many nationalities and ethnic groups live in Uzbekistan and they are paid attention and respect in the Republic. Each nation has its own language, religion, customs, values, culture, and they, in turn, respect each other’s language, religion, culture. At that time, there were no nationalist conflicts on the territory of Uzbekistan.